http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++?hl=en
comp.lang.c++@googlegroups.com
Today's topics:
* Binary file IO: Converting imported sequences of chars to desired type - 1
messages, 1 author
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/690c45c0197f60ef?hl=en
* Pointers - *p++ - 3 messages, 3 authors
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/f8e5dfe803653b78?hl=en
* Portable library to measure time - 1 messages, 1 author
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/9215c47c4398d6d8?hl=en
* efficient swap method - 1 messages, 1 author
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/d9911a558abbff19?hl=en
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http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/fc7f222b193d8ff7?hl=en
* circular referencing classes with two-way by-value conversion functions - 1
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* GCC and copy constructor oddity - 2 messages, 1 author
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/c9d6ce2b9e47f632?hl=en
* token concatenation macro - 1 messages, 1 author
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==============================================================================
TOPIC: Binary file IO: Converting imported sequences of chars to desired type
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/690c45c0197f60ef?hl=en
==============================================================================
== 1 of 1 ==
Date: Sun, Nov 1 2009 12:32 pm
From: Gerhard Fiedler
Brian wrote:
> Since a message using a text format is generally longer than binary
> formats, text leaves systems more vulnerable to network problems
> caused by storms, cyber attacks, etc. I won't argue the point about
> it being easier to use text, but think it's a little like buying an
> SUV. If the price of gas goes way up, many wish they had never
> bought an SUV. Using binary might be a way to mitigate the pain
> caused by volatile markets/conditions.
If you're talking about sending something over a potentially unstable
network connection, simple binary is pretty bad. With text encoding
(could be e.g. base64 encoded binary, or pretty much everything else
that's guaranteed not to use all available symbols), you have a few
symbols left that you can use for stream synchronization. This is in
general much more important that a few bytes more to transmit. This may
even be important when storing data on disk: the chances of recovering
data if there's a problem is much higher if you have sync symbols in the
data stream.
There's a point for (simple) binary protocols when all you have is an
8bit microcontroller with 100 bytes of RAM and 1k of Flash. But you
typically don't program these in standard-compliant C++ :)
IMO this has nothing to do with SUVs... more with seat belts, if you
really want an automotive analogy. While they add weight to the vehicle,
and on (very) rare occasions may complicate things if there's a problem,
in most problem cases they can save your face, and more. (Which, back to
programming, may save your job -- and with it the payments for your SUV.
Now here we're back to the SUV :)
Gerhard
==============================================================================
TOPIC: Pointers - *p++
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/f8e5dfe803653b78?hl=en
==============================================================================
== 1 of 3 ==
Date: Sun, Nov 1 2009 2:24 pm
From: crystal twix
Hi. I'm trying to understand what my professor says when he refers to
declaring a pointer, and seeing the operator precedence and seeing
what happens when we do things like
p++
*p++
(*p)++ etc,
but he starts out with this declaration
int *p = (int *)0;
Although my compiler does not complain, when I try to do something
like
cout << *p;
I get a Bus Error on the console (I'm using Xcode). What am I doing
wrong here? Thanks.
== 2 of 3 ==
Date: Sun, Nov 1 2009 3:27 pm
From: red floyd
crystal twix wrote:
> Hi. I'm trying to understand what my professor says when he refers to
> declaring a pointer, and seeing the operator precedence and seeing
> what happens when we do things like
>
> p++
> *p++
> (*p)++ etc,
>
> but he starts out with this declaration
> int *p = (int *)0;
>
> Although my compiler does not complain, when I try to do something
> like
> cout << *p;
>
> I get a Bus Error on the console (I'm using Xcode). What am I doing
> wrong here? Thanks.
Dereferencing a NULL pointer.
== 3 of 3 ==
Date: Sun, Nov 1 2009 4:19 pm
From: "Daniel T."
crystal twix <jonwongfanclub@gmail.com> wrote:
> Hi. I'm trying to understand what my professor says when he refers to
> declaring a pointer, and seeing the operator precedence and seeing
> what happens when we do things like
>
> p++
> *p++
> (*p)++ etc,
>
> but he starts out with this declaration
> int *p = (int *)0;
>
> Although my compiler does not complain, when I try to do something
> like
> cout << *p;
>
> I get a Bus Error on the console (I'm using Xcode). What am I doing
> wrong here? Thanks.
A pointer that contains the value '0' is a special case. It basically
means that it points to nothing and it is an error to dereference it.
This is not an error that can be caught at compile time in the general
case, so your program is notifying you of the error during runtime.
int main() {
int* nothing = 0;
int* something = new int(10);
cout << *something << '\n'; // prints "10".
cout << *nothing << '\n'; // undefined behavior, if you are lucky
// your program will crash.
}
==============================================================================
TOPIC: Portable library to measure time
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/9215c47c4398d6d8?hl=en
==============================================================================
== 1 of 1 ==
Date: Sun, Nov 1 2009 2:46 pm
From: legalize+jeeves@mail.xmission.com (Richard)
[Please do not mail me a copy of your followup]
"BGB / cr88192" <cr88192@hotmail.com> spake the secret code
<hckadt$h06$1@news.albasani.net> thusly:
>don't use a library for what you can trivially do yourself...
>[...]
>my personal suggestion is to create a function, or maybe collection of them,
>which provide a consistent interface to OS-specific behaviors, and keep any
>OS specific parts confined to these functions.
In other words: reinvent someone else's library.
--
"The Direct3D Graphics Pipeline" -- DirectX 9 draft available for download
<http://legalizeadulthood.wordpress.com/the-direct3d-graphics-pipeline/>
Legalize Adulthood! <http://legalizeadulthood.wordpress.com>
==============================================================================
TOPIC: efficient swap method
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/d9911a558abbff19?hl=en
==============================================================================
== 1 of 1 ==
Date: Sun, Nov 1 2009 3:21 pm
From: forums_mp@hotmail.com
On Nov 1, 9:47 am, Victor Bazarov <v.Abaza...@comAcast.net> wrote:
>> if a standard swap approach would eb more
> > prudent
>
> Why TF do you ask when it's possible only for you to answer - by trying
> and measuring? Seriously, dude, use 'std::swap' and see.
Frankly it would be prudent for you tell me how you want me to work
with you. You see, I have no issues adapting and at this juncture do
me a favor and go F yourself. For years, I've watched your response on
this board and frankly I'm one who is tired of your nonsense. I made
it clear my laptop is fried and as such I'm using borrowed goods. Do
me a favor.... Stay clear of my F(ing) posts. Thank you.
==============================================================================
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TOPIC: circular referencing classes with two-way by-value conversion functions
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/7fdb1952e80a6aad?hl=en
==============================================================================
== 1 of 1 ==
Date: Sun, Nov 1 2009 5:55 pm
From: Joshua Maurice
Take this example code:
// // // //
#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
class ConstBuffer;
//The goal of the two separate buffer classes, Buffer and ConstBuffer,
//and the two conversion functions makeConst and makeWritable,
//is multifold:
//- The user can pass these around by value efficiency, as they have
reference
// semantics, thus avoiding dynamic allocation worries
//- To guarantee that for a single BufferImpl, that there is exactly
one
// write view on it, or multiple read views. This allows us to
share
// BufferImpl objects without having to do deep copies or have the
user
// worry about synchronization of buffers.
//Has reference semantics, implemented with Boost::shared_ptr
class Buffer
{
private:
friend class ConstBuffer;
struct BufferImpl
{ //[insert stuff]
};
public:
~Buffer() {}
//[insert functions to read and write to the actual buffer]
private:
friend class ConstBuffer;
Buffer(BufferImpl* buf) : x(buf) {}
Buffer(boost::shared_ptr<BufferImpl> y) : x(y) {}
Buffer(Buffer const& ); //not defined, not copyable
Buffer& operator= (Buffer ); //not defined, not copyable
boost::shared_ptr<BufferImpl> x;
};
//Has reference semantics, implemented with Boost::shared_ptr
class ConstBuffer
{
public:
ConstBuffer(ConstBuffer const& buf) : x(buf.x) {}
ConstBuffer& operator= (ConstBuffer const& buf) { x = buf.x; }
~ConstBuffer() {}
//[insert functions to read from the actual buffer]
//Sets this to null pointer. Returns a copy of this which is
writable.
//(Note that this is optimized to return shallow copy when only a
single
//read view exists on the buffer.)
Buffer makeWritable()
{ if (x.unique())
{ Buffer retVal(x);
x.reset();
return retVal;
}else
{ Buffer retVal(new Buffer::BufferImpl(*x));
x.reset();
return retVal;
}
}
//Sets buf to the null pointer. Returns a copy of buf which is
const.
//(Note that this is optimized to not do a deep copy.)
static ConstBuffer makeConst(Buffer& buf)
{ ConstBuffer retVal(buf.x);
buf.x.reset();
return retVal;
}
private:
ConstBuffer(boost::shared_ptr<Buffer::BufferImpl> y) : x(y) {}
boost::shared_ptr<Buffer::BufferImpl> x;
};
// // // //
I think I would prefer it if I could have makeConst and makeWritable
be namespace scope functions, or makeConst to be a non-static member
of Buffer and makeWritable be a non-static member of ConstBuffer.
However, I don't seem to be able to do that. I'd like there to be some
symmetric in the interface for ease of use, either they're both non-
static member functions or they're both namespace functions. I don't
really like the extra typing you would have to do if they were static
class member functions. I'd prefer to have ADL kick in with namespace
scope functions or have both be member functions.
At least, I don't think I can do this and maintain encapsulation, aka
keep the data members private. I know that anyone can easily defeat
encapsulation if they feel like it, but keeping the private things
private still fulfills a purpose, and I'd rather not rely on a big
note saying "DON'T USE THIS OR ELSE!" ... Maybe if I did some hackery
with subclasses, I could pull this off...
The use case is: my company performs jobs on data which is split up
into separate threads, where each thread is a data sink, a data
source, or it performs a transformation on its input data to produce
output data. The relationship between these different threads can be
quite complex and is not a simple chain: one thread can send data to
multiple threads, and one thread can read data from multiple reader
threads. I was thinking about a cleaner abstraction for use in the
engine, and I was toying around with this.
Has anyone encountered something similar? And how was it resolved? And
how would you resolve it yourself? I'm probably agonizing over
something not worth agonizing over.
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TOPIC: GCC and copy constructor oddity
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/c9d6ce2b9e47f632?hl=en
==============================================================================
== 1 of 2 ==
Date: Sun, Nov 1 2009 10:26 pm
From: Rolf Magnus
Joshua Maurice wrote:
> I can only guess you mean to ask "If the compiler will optimize out
> the copy constructor, then the copy constructor will not be used. In
> this situation, my compiler complains that the copy constructor is not
> accessible even though it will not, in fact, be used. Why is this?"
>
> Formal answer: Because the standard says so. The explicit exception
> which allows the compiler to remove temporaries and copy constructor
> calls specifically says that the compiler must still ensure the the
> copy constructor exists and is accessible.
>
> I guess a better answer is that the people who wrote the standard did
> not want some piece of code valid on one compiler which elided
> temporaries and copy constructors, and not valid on another compiler
> which did not do this optimization. They preferred that the code would
> either fail on both compilers or pass on both compilers. You know,
> basically help the portability of code.
To put it short: The correctness of code does not depend on the optimization
behavior of your compiler, and so, incorrect code must be marked as such,
even if it would be optimized away later.
== 2 of 2 ==
Date: Sun, Nov 1 2009 10:28 pm
From: Rolf Magnus
Martijn van Buul wrote:
> * Joshua Maurice:
>> They preferred that the code would either fail on both compilers or pass
>> on both compilers. You know, basically help the portability of code.
>
> However, since the outcome on different compilers can now be different
> should your copy constructor have side effects (or if your copy
> constructor doesn't "copy" at all!), portability is down the drain anyway.
I would say that in a sane program, it doesn't really matter if the object
is copied or not.
==============================================================================
TOPIC: token concatenation macro
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/156c49cafbfac12a?hl=en
==============================================================================
== 1 of 1 ==
Date: Sun, Nov 1 2009 10:38 pm
From: thomas
----------code-----------------------
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#define f(x,y) x##y
#define g(x) #x
#define h(x) g(x)
int main(){
cout<<g(f(1,2))<<endl;
cout<<h(f(1,2))<<endl;
}
---------------code----------------------
the result for g() and h() is different, why?
what's the rule for macro expansion?
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