soft and program: comp.lang.c++ - 25 new messages in 16 topics

comp.lang.c++
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++?hl=en

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Today's topics:

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==============================================================================
TOPIC: How can I send a file through socket?
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/27ac5829b78bc4d5?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 4 ==
Date: Sun, May 31 2009 12:41 am
From: coal@mailvault.com

On May 31, 1:10 am, Water Lin <Water...@ymail.com> wrote:
> I want to write a socket communication for my study in C++.
>
> Now the socket works, I can communication between server and client.
>
> If I want to send a file from client to server, what should I do?
>
> I think I need to read the file first, then put the file content to socket buffer, then send them. Is this sequence correct?
>

I worked on something similar recently. This page --
http://webEbenezer.net/build_integration.html -- has a link
to a file called File.cc. In CalculateMarshallingSize it reads
a file into a buffer and then uses a bzip2 function to compress
the file. There's a function called Send that sends the
compressed file data.

> For txt file, I think it will be OK. But what will happen if I send exe file? How can I read exe file?
>

I've not tried it with binary files.

> I am just a little confused about sending a file......
>

Brian Wood
Ebenezer Enterprises
www.webEbenezer.net

== 2 of 4 ==
Date: Sun, May 31 2009 2:36 am
From: Water Lin

Water Lin wrote:

I also need to ask another question.

When I read the file, I need to send it exactly the same as the original
one.

But if I use <ifstream> to read the file, the >> will stop at a
blankspace or newline.

So, is it possible to read a whole file at one time without any change?

> I want to write a socket communication for my study in C++.
>
> Now the socket works, I can communication between server and client.
>
> If I want to send a file from client to server, what should I do?
>
> I think I need to read the file first, then put the file content to socket buffer, then send them. Is this sequence correct?
>
> For txt file, I think it will be OK. But what will happen if I send exe file? How can I read exe file?
>
> I am just a little confused about sending a file......
>
> Water Lin
> http://blog.waterlin.org

--
Water Lin
http://blog.waterlin.org

== 3 of 4 ==
Date: Sun, May 31 2009 3:11 am
From: James Kanze

On May 31, 11:36 am, Water Lin <Water...@ymail.com> wrote:
> Water Lin wrote:

> I also need to ask another question.

> When I read the file, I need to send it exactly the same as
> the original one.

Are you sure? There are cases where this is true, but most
protocols have specific rules, and the file doesn't
necessisarily conform.

> But if I use <ifstream> to read the file, the >> will stop at
> a blankspace or newline.

So don't use >>.

Formally, there's no way in C++ to read a file literally.
Practically, if you open the file in binary mode and imbue the
"C" locale, you should be OK. (In theory, binary mode can
append any number of 0's to the end. In practice, I don't think
that this is a problem with any modern system.) And of course,
you have to do unformatted reads.

> So, is it possible to read a whole file at one time without
> any change?

If you have a big enough buffer. The usual solution is to read
fixed sized blocks, processing each block before reading the
next. (A professional program will usually use a pool of
buffers and non-blocking reads, but that requires some system
dependent code.)

--
James Kanze (GABI Software) email:james.kanze@gmail.com
Conseils en informatique orientée objet/
Beratung in objektorientierter Datenverarbeitung
9 place Sémard, 78210 St.-Cyr-l'École, France, +33 (0)1 30 23 00 34

== 4 of 4 ==
Date: Sun, May 31 2009 3:49 am
From: Giuliano Bertoletti

Hello,

actually you need to write a protocol which details how data should be
exchanged from a client to a server and interpreted by the latter.

Indeed a few extra information besides the filebody have to be delivered
to the server. For example the name with which it should save the file.

It may also be worth including the expected length and a some kind of
crc or checksum.

Although TCP may provide reliability it can be useful for checking that
what you receive is exactly what you send.

Then it's up to you if you want to provide extra features like data
encryption or compression.

As I said, as simple as it may be, you need to design a protocol.

Regards,
Giuliano Bertoletti

Water Lin ha scritto:
> I want to write a socket communication for my study in C++.
>
> Now the socket works, I can communication between server and client.
>
> If I want to send a file from client to server, what should I do?
>
> I think I need to read the file first, then put the file content to socket buffer, then send them. Is this sequence correct?
>
> For txt file, I think it will be OK. But what will happen if I send exe file? How can I read exe file?
>
> I am just a little confused about sending a file......
>
> Water Lin
> http://blog.waterlin.org

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http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/c71e01f5dd5b90a0?hl=en
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==============================================================================
TOPIC: Return value of functor object in for_each algorithm
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/684394bf92375bf6?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 2 ==
Date: Sun, May 31 2009 2:21 am
From: James Kanze

On May 29, 10:53 am, Maxim Yegorushkin <maxim.yegorush...@gmail.com>
wrote:
> On May 29, 9:29 am, mthread <rjk...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > I am using a functor object in for_each algorithm. I would like to
> > know if there is any way for me to find out the return value of the
> > functor object. I would like to check this return value to carry out
> > further processing(Say exit the application when return value is -1).

> std::for_each returns a copy of your functor, after it has been
> applied to the sequence. Please see notes at the end ofhttp://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/for_each.html

I suspect that that's the intent, but it's certainly not
required by the standard. for_each returns some copy of the
functional object; what exactly is unspecified. Thus, for
example, the following would be a perfectly legal
implementations:

template< typename InputIterator, typename Function >
Function
for_each( InputIterator first, InputIterator last, Function f )
{
if ( first != last ) {
f( *first ) ;
++ first ;
for_each( first, last, f ) ;
}
return f ;
}

In general, it's best to make all copies of functional objects
idempotent, using an additional level of indirection if
necessary. For functional objects with mutable state, there are
two more or less standard solutions:

-- The client defines an instance of the state, and passes an
address of it to the constructor of the functional object,
which contains a pointer to it. This is the simplest and
most efficient solution; if there is mutable state which the
client doesn't need to know about, however, it breaks
encapsulation.

-- The functional object defines a nested class type with
state. The non-copy constructors allocate an instance of
the state dynamically, and the functional object uses
reference counting (boost::shared_ptr works fine here,
although other reference counted pointers may be more
efficient) so that copies share the instance of the state.

== 2 of 2 ==
Date: Sun, May 31 2009 6:17 am
From: Jerry Coffin

In article <5602b353-1abd-411d-965b-
af68c9fdcc6d@s21g2000vbb.googlegroups.com>, james.kanze@gmail.com
says...

[ ... ]

> In general, it's best to make all copies of functional objects
> idempotent, using an additional level of indirection if
> necessary. For functional objects with mutable state, there are
> two more or less standard solutions:
>
> -- The client defines an instance of the state, and passes an
> address of it to the constructor of the functional object,
> which contains a pointer to it. This is the simplest and
> most efficient solution; if there is mutable state which the
> client doesn't need to know about, however, it breaks
> encapsulation.
>
> -- The functional object defines a nested class type with
> state. The non-copy constructors allocate an instance of
> the state dynamically, and the functional object uses
> reference counting (boost::shared_ptr works fine here,
> although other reference counted pointers may be more
> efficient) so that copies share the instance of the state.

Option C: Consider using std::accumulate instead of std::for_each. Most
times that people want to maintain state across invocations, they're
accumulating something in their functor, and they'd be better off using
std::accumulate to do the job.

--
Later,
Jerry.

The universe is a figment of its own imagination.

==============================================================================
TOPIC: when can new fail to accocate memory??
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/8a28674bc28ebe89?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 1 ==
Date: Sun, May 31 2009 2:22 am
From: James Kanze

On May 29, 10:58 am, peter koch <peter.koch.lar...@gmail.com> wrote:
> On 29 Maj, 10:29, James Kanze <james.ka...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > On May 28, 12:03 pm, "doublemaster...@gmail.com"

> > <doublemaster...@gmail.com> wrote:
> > > Is that only when system has insufficient memory??

> [snip]
> > > (i am on using unix)

> > You might, but I doubt it. Unix reports the error reason in
> > errno, but the only documented error for malloc in Posix is
> > ENOMEM: insufficient storage available.

> > Note that some Unix, at least by default, don't fail when there
> > is insufficient memory. (Linux is in this category.) They just
> > return a pointer which will core dump when you use it.

> I am not by any means a Linux expert, but I believe that you
> are wrong here. Overcommitment of memory is configurable (man
> sysconf, if I remember correctly) and look for something like
> "overcommit".

It's configurable, but the default configurations in all of the
distributions I know do the wrong thing.

==============================================================================
TOPIC: C++ way to convert ASCII digits to Integer?
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/c6620161a9dfea0b?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 1 ==
Date: Sun, May 31 2009 2:25 am
From: James Kanze

On May 29, 3:08 pm, Gerhard Fiedler <geli...@gmail.com> wrote:
> James Kanze wrote:
> > (Given that ASCII is for all intents and purposes dead, it's
> > highly unlikely that they really want ASCII.)

> I'm not sure, but I think in the USA there is quite a number
> of programmers who don't think beyond ASCII when thinking of
> text manipulation.

In just about every country, there are quite a number of
programmers who don't think:-). The fact remains that the
default encoding used by the system, even when configured for
the US, is not ASCII. Even if you're not "thinking" beyond
ASCII, your program must be capable of reading non-ASCII
characters (if only to recognize them and signal the error).

==============================================================================
TOPIC: Interesting book reference
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/a27de2b3d6558b10?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 3 ==
Date: Sun, May 31 2009 2:27 am
From: James Kanze

On May 29, 12:37 pm, Ioannis Vranos <ivra...@freemail.gr> wrote:
> James Kanze wrote:

> > Sure it does. It uses curly braces. It also has way too
> > many operators, with way too many different levels of
> > precedence, a completely broken variable declaration syntax,
> > no nested functions, it's compiled (so you can't execute
> > text input at runtime), with static typechecking (more or
> > less) and explicit (and implicit) conversions.

> Are you talking about Java or C++ here?

Both.

== 2 of 3 ==
Date: Sun, May 31 2009 2:32 am
From: James Kanze

On May 29, 12:41 pm, Bart van Ingen Schenau <b...@ingen.ddns.info>
wrote:
> James Kanze wrote:
> > On May 29, 5:41 am, Phlip <phlip2...@gmail.com> wrote:

> >> Further, C++ is a member of a healthy family tree of living
> >> "C languages", including Objective-C (and Objective-C++!),
> >> various reference implementations, and the new forthcoming
> >> standards. Actually researching those relations would have
> >> added a lot of value here.

> > Probably, although I'm not sure how accurate the term
> > "living" is. Are new applications really being written in
> > Objective-C? (That's a serious question. I know a few
> > places it was used 10 or more years ago, but I've not heard
> > anything of it since.)

> As far as I am aware, Objective-C is the preferred language
> for writing applications for the Apple iPhone & iPod. That
> means the language will probably increase in popularity in the
> coming few years.

Interesting. Having Steve Jobs behind you certainly helps keep
you around:-).

(Seriously, I've never used Objective-C, so I can't express any
real opinion about it. My comment was based on companies that I
knew who used Objective-C on NeXT, and had more or less decided
to change policies because NeXT wasn't going to be available any
more.)

== 3 of 3 ==
Date: Sun, May 31 2009 2:53 am
From: Ioannis Vranos

James Kanze wrote:
>
> Both.

OK then, I will comment regarding C++.

James Kanze wrote:

> Sure it does. It uses curly braces.

Which are at least as obvious as keywords "begin" and "end" in Pascal.

> It also has way too
> many operators, with way too many different levels of
> precedence,

Should they have, let's say, two levels of precedence only?

> a completely broken variable declaration syntax,

Why it is broken?

> no nested functions,

What would be the additional practical advantage of having that.

Also keep in mind, you can define function object types, and define function objects inside functions:

#include <iostream>

int main()
{
class NestedFunctionType
{
public:
void operator()(void)
{
std::cout<< "Function object!\n";
}
};

NestedFunctionType nestedfunction;

nestedfunction();
}

> it's compiled (so you can't execute
> text input at runtime),

An example of what you mean? You mean C++ source code input?

> with static typechecking (more or
> less) and explicit (and implicit) conversions.

Well it is a compiled language.

--
Ioannis A. Vranos

C95 / C++03 Developer

http://www.cpp-software.net

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==============================================================================
TOPIC: The best way to retrieve a returned value... by const reference?
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/0f3ad790abe791fc?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 1 ==
Date: Sun, May 31 2009 2:40 am
From: James Kanze

On May 29, 2:47 pm, "Niels Dekker - no reply address"
<nore...@this.is.invalid> wrote:
> Balog Pal wrote:
> > Niels Dekker [wrote]

[...]
> > My experience shows that object hierarchies are not so
> > frequently used these days in C++ (I mean correctly ;-) and
> > where they are used, having the virtual calls is hardly an
> > issue to worry about.

This is, of course, completely false.

> Virtual functions are here to stay, and I don't think it's "in
> general" bad practice to return an object "by-value" whose
> type has virtual functions.

"In general", a type which is part of an inheritance hierarchy
shouldn't support copy and assignment. Most of the time,
objects which support inheritance will have identity. (Do not
the extensive qualifiers in the above. There are certainly
exceptions, and not a few.)

==============================================================================
TOPIC: book on C++ problems
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/1cafb777921395c1?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 1 ==
Date: Sun, May 31 2009 2:44 am
From: James Kanze

On May 29, 10:57 am, Maxim Yegorushkin <maxim.yegorush...@gmail.com>
wrote:
> On May 28, 7:11 pm, bubai <ayansin...@gmail.com> wrote:

> > I am a professional C++ programmer with 4+ years of
> > experience.... to further enhance my skills I am looking for a good
> > book which has got lot of C++ problems and solutions specially
> > intermediary or expert level problems... any recommendation will be
> > highly appreciated.

> Read all books by Andrei Alexandrescu, Herb Sutter and Bjarne
> Stroustrup.

Except maybe for Stroustrup, I'd put Scott Meyers and
Vandevoorde and Josuttis before the above. Another book I've
found very useful is Barton and Nackman. It's a bit dated
today, but still worth reading.

==============================================================================
TOPIC: iconv trouble
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/d19203f6b0facdee?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 1 ==
Date: Sun, May 31 2009 3:03 am
From: James Kanze

On May 29, 11:19 pm, Daniel Luis dos Santos <daniel.d...@gmail.com>
wrote:
> On 2009-05-29 19:59:50 +0100, Daniel Luis dos Santos
> <daniel.d...@gmail.com> said:

[...]
> But now I am confused. Isn't UTF-8 locale independent ?

The encoding use in char (and possibly in whcar_t as well) is
determined by the locale. At least for functions which depend
on the locale---I would expect, however, that a function which
takes names of encodings as arguments (although "WCHAR_T" is not
the name of any encoding I'm familiar with) would use those
names, and not the current global locale, to determine the
encoding.

> I was supposing that UTF-8 contained every possible character
> and that a conversion existed between it and wchar_t.

UTF-8 is a Unicode Transformat Format. As such, it has
encodings for all Unicode characters. Certainly not every
possible character. (I could invent a new character tomorrow,
for example.) UTF-8 encodes Unicode in octets.

wchar_t is a type, which has nothing to do with encoding. What
it actually corresponds to, and which encoding the system
libraries use by default with it, is implementation defined.
Typical implementations make it a 16 or 32 bit type, using
UTF-16, UTF-32 or EUC. There is an exact translation between
UTF-8 and UTF-16 or UTF-32, since all are encoding formats for
Unicode. I don't know off hand about EUC.

> What if in my program I want decode characters from different
> locales than the one on my machine ? From what I've learned
> from the glibc docs, the call to setlocale sets the locale
> machine-wide, so that is not an option as it would mess up
> other programs, right ?

If you're working in C, or interfacing with a C library,
setlocale can be called with a null pointer to determine the
current global locale, which you can then restore. (Of course,
in a multithreaded envirionment, you'll have to ensure thread
safety when doing this.) In the case of C++, the standard idiom
is to passe a locale to the function, with possibly a default
argument of the global locale.

> How do you deal with this when a single program must handle
> multiple locales ?

In C++, you can maintain several locales, and pass them around.
In C, you have to read the current locale, and restore it when
finished.

==============================================================================
TOPIC: const across multiplely linked files
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/0502a7a5e7c946f9?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 4 ==
Date: Sun, May 31 2009 4:23 am
From: "Aaron Gray"

I am trying to declare a const in a header file but have forgetten how.

I have a class and I want a Null value for that struct to pass as an
argument when it is not being used. Now it used to be done passing a '0',
but the class now has an iheriting child class e.g. :-

class A {...}

fn( ..., A a, ...)

and

fn( ..., 0, ...)

But now we have :-

class B : public A {...}

and fn(..., 0, ...) is declaring that parameter 2 is now ambiguous.

So what I wanted was to declare a 'NullA'.

But it has to be declared in a header and there are multiple C++ files using
the header and they all get linked to gether. So declaring in the header :-

const NullA* = 0;

is out.

The only way I have found is :-

class A {
public:
const Null;
};

then is one C++ file :-

const A::Null = 0;

and

fn( ..., A::Null, ...)

But the 'A' name is rather long and I would have prfered an out of class
solution with A's acronym.

I am probably forgetting something very basic about C++.

Any help welcome,

Aaron

== 2 of 4 ==
Date: Sun, May 31 2009 4:43 am
From: "Aaron Gray"

"Aaron Gray" <ang.usenet@gmail.com> wrote in message
news:78f7klF1koelaU1@mid.individual.net...
>I am trying to declare a const in a header file but have forgetten how.
>
> I have a class and I want a Null value for that struct to pass as an
> argument when it is not being used. Now it used to be done passing a '0',
> but the class now has an iheriting child class e.g. :-
>
> class A {...}
>
> fn( ..., A a, ...)
>
> and
>
> fn( ..., 0, ...)
>
>
> But now we have :-
>
> class B : public A {...}
>
> and fn(..., 0, ...) is declaring that parameter 2 is now ambiguous.
>
> So what I wanted was to declare a 'NullA'.
>
> But it has to be declared in a header and there are multiple C++ files
> using the header and they all get linked to gether. So declaring in the
> header :-
>
> const NullA* = 0;
>
> is out.
>
> The only way I have found is :-
>
> class A {
> public:
> const Null;
> };

Should be :-

class A {
public:
static const Null;
};

>
> then is one C++ file :-
>
> const A::Null = 0;
>
> and
>
> fn( ..., A::Null, ...)
>
> But the 'A' name is rather long and I would have prfered an out of class
> solution with A's acronym.
>
> I am probably forgetting something very basic about C++.
>
> Any help welcome,
>
> Aaron
>
>
>

== 3 of 4 ==
Date: Sun, May 31 2009 4:53 am
From: "Aaron Gray"

Try again :-

class A {
public:
static A* Null;
};

> then is one C++ file :-
>
> const A::Null = 0;

A* A::Null = 0;

This works I would like it to be a const but the function it is being passed
to does not take a const A*, and that would require casting.

The other alternative I came up with is :

#define NullA ((A*) 0)

>
> and
>
> fn( ..., A::Null, ...)
>
> But the 'A' name is rather long and I would have prfered an out of class
> solution with A's acronym.
>
> I am probably forgetting something very basic about C++.
>
> Any help welcome,
>
> Aaron
>
>
>

== 4 of 4 ==
Date: Sun, May 31 2009 5:29 am
From: "Aaron Gray"

Oh forgot about extern, really not with it today !

But the const'ness is still a problem. So may use preprocessor.

Aaron

==============================================================================
TOPIC: Is It Real? Watch This Video!
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/1b2361cede618ef7?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 1 ==
Date: Sun, May 31 2009 4:23 am
From: man of Allah

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==============================================================================
TOPIC: Is It Real? Watch Thid Video!
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/332016cbf5dae1ef?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 1 ==
Date: Sun, May 31 2009 4:23 am
From: man of Allah

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==============================================================================
TOPIC: Paypal wholesale Cheap NY Smet Cap & Hats (www.guoshitrade.com)
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/061ba1c9bd6650d0?hl=en
==============================================================================

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==============================================================================
TOPIC: Orlando Sentine
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/t/37e39cde42b67979?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 1 ==
Date: Sun, May 31 2009 5:27 am
From: stefan200402@gmail.com

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==============================================================================

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Sunday, May 31, 2009

comp.lang.c++ - 25 new messages in 16 topics - digest

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